At a moment China and Russia have envisioned the future of BRICS as fundamentally an anti-Western bloc of developing nations, the Gulf oil powers Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates have been formally invited to become members, which marks the bloc's first expansion in over a decade. "The membership will take effect from the first of January, 2024," South African President Cyril Ramaphosa said, adding that additionally Argentina, Egypt, Ethiopia and Iran will be added to the fold next year. China's President Xi Jinping hailed the rare expansion, beyond the current large economies of China, Russia, Brazil India, China and South Africa as "historic". He said it will "inject new impetus into the BRICS cooperation mechanism and further strengthen the power of world peace and development." President Putin too congratulated the soon to be newest members, saying in a video message, "I would like to congratulate the new members who will work in a full-scale format next year."