"Neurotic fatalism hides a basic fact of human life: People who make meaning in their lives don't seek 'freedom from conditions' they realize they have the 'freedom to take a stand toward the conditions.'" - 

Bretigne

One of my more memorable exchanges with a student came in a principles of economics class. Part of the assignment for that week was chapters from Matt Ridley's The Rational Optimist. Ridley compared the living standards of an average worker today with those of The Sun King, Louis XIV, in 1700. Some of my more ahistorical students were incredulous at Ridley's description of the grinding poverty of the average person just a few centuries ago. 

The King had an opulent lifestyle compared to others. Louis had an astonishing 498 workers preparing each of his meals. Yet his standard of living was still a fraction of what we experience today. 

Ridley outlined the miracles of specialization and exchange in our time — an everyday cornucopia at the supermarket, modern communications and transportation, clothing to suit every taste. If we remove our blinders and see how many individuals provide services to us, Ridley concludes we have "far more than 498 servants at [our] immediate beck and call."

Then, the memorable exchange occurred. One student shared that he would prefer to live in 1700, if he had more money than others and power over them. My first reaction was amusement; I thought the student was practicing his deadpan humor skills. He wasn't. For him, having power was an attribute of a meaningful life. 

If only my student's mindset were an aberration.

During the reign of Louis XIV, French mathematician and philosopher Blaise Pascal diagnosed why some lust for power. In his Pensées, Pascal wrote, "I have often said that the sole cause of man's unhappiness is that he does not know how to stay quietly in his room." Pascal explained that, out of the inability to sit alone, arises the human tendency to seek power as a diversion.