A scientific review on the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera), which is referred to as "the most naturally widespread fruit plant on Earth", reveals numerous beneficial biological effects of its various constituents, which include the husk, root, oil, water, and flesh. The study, titled "Cocos nucifera (L.) (Arecaceae): A phytochemical and pharmacological review," also reviewed the toxicity literature on the coconut palm's various constituents and found there was no evidence of acute toxicity, and only low toxicity associated with chronic exposure.