An Oct. 19 preprint study found billions of residual DNA fragments in mRNA COVID-19 vaccine vials. While billions of copies of spike, ori, and SV40 enhancer DNA were discovered in the Pfizer vaccine vials, Moderna vials were found to contain copies of ori and spike DNA. The SV40 virus is a DNA virus known to cause cancer in lab animals.

Talking about the study in a Nov. 11 Substack post, Dr. Malone said that plasmid DNA contamination in the vaccines is a "proven fact" that has been "acknowledged by the US FDA, Health Canada, and the European Medicines Agency."

"In yet another clear breach of informed consent and labeling requirements, this was not previously disclosed to physicians, public health officials, or patients," he wrote.

For instance, the FDA's labeling guidelines require that vaccine labels must contain a description of "serious adverse reactions, potential safety hazards, steps that should be taken in the occurrence of a serious adverse reaction and potential safety hazard, and limitations in use imposed by them."