"Folks, they are going to make it a hate crime to meaningfully criticize/protest Israel," tweeted Friedman.

As Friedman notes, the legislation would revise statutes relating to crime reporting, but the amendment has ramifications that go far beyond data collection. Arizona doesn't have a specific hate crime law, but the sentencing of individuals can potentially be increased if there is "evidence that the defendant committed the crime out of malice toward a victim because of the victim's identity." If passed, the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA) working definition of anti-Semitism could be cited as an "aggravating factor" in such sentencing decisions. That definition infamously includes some criticisms of Israel.