Juster served as the Deputy Assistant to the President for International Economic Affairs and Deputy Director of the National Economic Council from January 2017-June 2017. His career has spanned over 35 years in government, law, business, finance, and international affairs. He also previously served as the Chairman of the Advisory Committee of Harvard's Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, the Chairman of Freedom House, the Vice Chairman of the Asia Foundation, and a member of the Trilateral Commission.

Ashley Tellis, senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace said that Juster knows India well and the people there would welcome him enthusiastically as he a known face there.

Juster is considered as one of the key architects of the Next Steps in Strategic Partnership initiative between the United States and India and is said to have played a key role in negotiation that led to the historic civil nuclear agreement between the two countries.