The largest blow to Canada's often rosy image came on Thursday when a federal court ruling revealed that the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) has been operating a secret metadata collection program since 2006, and retained citizens' identifying information illegally. The question on every Canadian's mind now is: how, in our supposedly sleepy liberal democracy, did this happen?

In establishing the domestic spy agency with the CSIS Act, legislators largely left it up to CSIS itself to decide how the law should be interpreted. "It appears that CSIS got their own legal advice that gave them the most favourable spin or interpretation of the law that one could possibly take," said privacy lawyer David Fraser in an interview. "Really, stretching it almost to the breaking point."

"We believed we had the authority. Was it set out specifically? No, it wasn't"