An EHM is an operative who sells the leadership of a developing country on an economic plan or massive development project. The Hit Man convinces a country's government that borrowing large sums of money from US financial institutions in order to finance the project will raise the country's living standards. The borrower is assured that the project will increase Gross Domestic Product and tax revenues and that these increases will allow the loan to be repaid.

However, the plan is designed to over-estimate the benefits so that the indebted country cannot pay the principal and interest. As Perkins' puts it, the plans are based on "distorted financial analyses, inflated projections, and rigged accounting," and if the deception doesn't work, "threats and bribes" are used to close the deal.

The next step in the deception is the appearance of the International Monetary Fund. The IMF tells the indebted country that the IMF will save its credit rating by lending the money with which to repay the country's creditors. The IMF loan is not a form of aid. It merely replaces the country's indebtedness to banks with indebtedness to the IMF.